Hazardous Materials Expert Witnesses
Accident Reconstruction & Safety Expert Witness Listings
You will find expert witnesses who may give opinions regarding hazardous materials by clicking on these links. The professionals found through this page may advise regarding toxic materials storage, hazardous materials disclosure, and household hazardous materials. These experts may provide reports regarding hazardous materials labels, laboratory use of hazardous materials, and hazardous materials spills. They may also testify on the EPA, hazardous materials storage, environmental pollution, toxic substances, and waste classification, as well as related topics.
These search results appear in random order. You may limit your search for Hazardous Materials expert witnesses to your area by selecting a state from the drop down box.
More than 40 years experience. Registered as Professional Geologist in numerous states and nationally by AIPG. Areas of expereince include: geology, hydrogeology, hydrology, hazardous materials management, Radiation Safety Officer (RSO),NORM,...
Doug Buchan is an energy expert with over 40 years of expertise and hands on experience in the propane, natural gas and petroleum products distribution industries. He is qualified by Trial Judges to testify as an expert witness in twenty two states...
Experts in Transportation Related Litigation and Hazardous Materials Incidents. SL Turner Consulting's highly qualified and well rounded expert opinion is supported by over 20 years experience in the highly specialized field of commercial vehicle...
Locations: Iowa and Illinois
Areas of Expertise: Gossman Consulting, Inc. provides expert technical assistance to counsel in litigation involving chemical and environmental forensics, hazardous waste, hazardous materials, regulatory compliance, fires and explosions at hazardous waste facilities and...
Location: Illinois
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Gary Hutter provides consulting services in safety in various aspects of Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Hygiene, and Human Factors. Dr. Hutter is an Associate Professor at the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), where he has taught...
Location: New York
Areas of Expertise: Mr. Meyer R. Rosen has over thirty-five years of industrial and academic experience in chemistry and chemical engineering. He serves as an expert witness for attorneys, and insurance companies in both plaintiff and defense matters. Mr. Rosen...
Location: Ohio
Areas of Expertise: Welcome to Emergency Services Consultants, experts and consultants specializing in emergency medical services, firefighting and police operations. We are an organization designed to provide expert consultation to law firms as well as in-depth...
Location: Maryland
Areas of Expertise: Edwin Zucker, M.S., P.E. provides expert engineering services in support of defective product; construction contract disputes and surety claims; patent litigation; personal injury; automobile and machine accident; and other cases requiring expertise...
Location: Texas
Areas of Expertise: Established in 1981, SEAL specializes in providing multi-disciplined engineering and scientific consulting, product testing, safety and forensic engineering (failure analysis) services to manufacturers and their corporate counsel, defense and...
Location: Texas
Areas of Expertise: Gregory W. Miller, P.E., B.S.E.E. has provided forensic expert witness and litigation consulting services in the areas of electric shock injury, electrocution, industrial machine safeguarding, electric equipment/appliance/exemplar testing and...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: Sanitary engineer. Over 30 years experience. Visit BonneauDickson.com. Water; wastewater; sewers; septic systems; leach fields; stormwater; sewage spills; backwater valves; PCE; drainage; coliform contamination.
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: Ron Schaible, CIH, CSP, P.E. is Certified in the Comprehensive Practice of Industrial Hygiene (CIH), Certified Safety Professional (CSP), a Registered Professional Engineer #36714-Safety (Massachusetts), and he holds 5 additional professional...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: Mr. Viani is a registered civil engineer and licensed engineering contractor with over 33 years of experience in construction disputes, project management, hazardous waste, asbestos, environmental construction, geotechnical construction and slope...
Location: West Virginia
Areas of Expertise: Jack Spadaro is a mining engineer with expertise in coal and metal/non-metal mine safety and health. He is the former Director of the National Mine Health and Safety Academy. He has over 40 years experience investigating mining accidents. He also has...
Location: Florida
Areas of Expertise: Premises Safety and Liability • Retail Store Safety • Retail Display Safety • Falling Merchandise/Top Stock Accidents • Slips/Trips and Falls • Negligent Maintenance • Negligent Method of Operation Transportation,...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: DAVID C. COWEN - A.I.A. Building Construction, Premises Liability, Construction Safety Mr. Cowen’s experience as an architect, building construction manager, and forensic investigator has provided him with a diverse professional knowledge that...
Location: Arkansas
Areas of Expertise: Mr. Rasnic is the Director of Ryan Forensics division of Ryan Engineering, Inc. He is a licensed Professional Engineer with special expertise in the areas of machine design, guards, material handling, hydraulics and industrial processes. The depth of...
Location: Ohio
Areas of Expertise: Since 1995 Dr. Klein has been the Executive Director of an Ohio 5 physician office-based, and corporate on-site occupational company healthcare service. Peforms and supervises all clinical services: injury/illness treatment, Drugscreen Medical...
Location: Florida
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Eason uses his education and experience in materials engineering and metallurgy to to address complex issues of product and process failures, as well fire and explosion causation. Paul is a court qualified and experienced expert as well as an...
Location: Florida
Areas of Expertise: Mr. Parkhurst has worked for over 30 years in studying the effects of contaminated air in a wide variety of work, office and residential environments. He has performed field studies and reviewed cases in hundreds of lawsuits involving exposure to...
Location: Arkansas
Areas of Expertise: ATOKA is known worldwide as the premier surface geochemical company and unconventional resource laboratory service. Established in 1986, we have performed work all over the world. The unique nature of Atoka, unlike other competitors, is we treat our...
Location: Texas
Areas of Expertise: GEO Associates provides litigation support services and expert witness testimony for civil and criminal investigations and insurance industry cases (both plaintiff and defendant) that involve Groundwater Pollution and Data Analysis, Forensic Geology...
Location: Ohio
Areas of Expertise: Over 39 years of experience in Safety & Health with the most recent years as President and Operator of Today’s Resources, Inc., a fast-growing, full-service safety and health consultation firm providing assistance in areas such as onsite...
Location: Nevada
Areas of Expertise: American Safety Associates, headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada is a nationwide safety consulting and litigation support firm. We have a full staff of qualified and experienced experts in a variety of safety disciplines. These disciplines include:...
Location: Virginia
Areas of Expertise: Raphael J. Witorsch is Professor Emeritus of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia. Dr. Witorsch served on the faculty at the VCU School of Medicine from...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Damian is a board certified toxicologist (Diplomate, American Board of Toxicology) and California Registered Environmental Assessor (REA) with over 25 years of experience assessing the health and ecological risks associated with chemicals in the...
Location: Missouri
Areas of Expertise: Investigative Analytical Chemistry Chemical experts solve complex problems realted to food/beverages, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, paints/coatings, packaging, plastic/polymers, chemicals, consumer products, and more....
Location: Illinois
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Charles C. Roberts, Jr. is an engineering consultant in the areas of accident reconstruction, failure analysis, structural analysis, heat transfer, fire origin analysis, computer analysis, mechanics, and biomechanics. He is a registered...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: I have worked in the auto industry since 1986 in all aspects of auto repair. I am experienced as a Technician, Advisor, Service Manager, and Parts and Service Director. My expertise includes the following areas and more: Automotive repairs and...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: Joe’s career spans more than 25 years in the management of trucking operations. He was the Senior Vice President of transportation services at Pure Earth Incorporated and Corporate DOT Compliance Manager at Philip Services Corporation. Joe...
Location: Maryland
Areas of Expertise: Ronald E. Gots, M.D., Ph.D., is Chief Executive Officer of the International Center for Toxicology and Medicine, a division of The National Medical Advisory Services Group, in Rockville, Maryland. He received his A.B. in chemistry and his M.D. degree...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: Consolidated Consultants (CCc) continues to deliver high quality expert witness and medical expert witness referrals nationwide since 1995. CCc is the only referral service where you can view the full, redacted CV on-line prior to contacting us. Our...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: Mark K. Goldstein, Ph.D. is founder, and CEO of Quantum Group Inc., which manufactures and sells carbon monoxide alarms. He conducts expert witness services for both plaintiffs and defendants specializing in carbon monoxide poisoning. Dr. Goldstein...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: Ernest P. Chiodo, M.D., J.D., M.P.H., M.S., M.B.A., C.I.H. is a physician, an attorney, a Certified Industrial Hygienist (C.I.H), and a biomedical (biomechanical) engineer. Dr. Chiodo received his medical, law, and biomedical engineering degrees from...
Location: Pennsylvania
Areas of Expertise: Highly experienced, articulate Professional Engineer (PE) in several states and Prof. Planner (PP)NJ. Engineering expert with 43 years experience in Engineering and Environmental Consulting. Doctorate (Structures and Dynamics) and MBA (Finance)....
Location: Rhode Island
Areas of Expertise: I am a Forensic Pathologist and Neuropathologist with 4 Boards, Anatomic and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Pathology and Neuropathology, and 36 years of experience. I have served as a Director of a Pathology Department, Coroner, Deputy Chief Medical...
Location: Texas
Areas of Expertise: Dennis Caputo, M Sc, has over thirty years experience in chemical, petrochemical, refining, product distribution, and metal and chemical recycling. He has been the Chief Environmental and Safety Officer for a NYSE listed corporation. He has serviced...
Location: Texas
Areas of Expertise: Jerome E. Spear, CSP, CIH, is President of J.E. Spear Consulting, LP and has over 21 years of experience helping organizations prevent injuries and illnesses, control losses, and achieve regulatory compliance. He held the positions of Technical...
Location: Virginia
Areas of Expertise: Bulk Liquid Terminal Consultant for over 30 years; experience at over 500 aboveground tank terminals nationwide. Qualified for environmental, safety, health, fire, explosion, variance, loss, and security matters. Clients have included the U.S. Dept....
Location: Florida
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Pasternack, a recognized coating expert, provides expert witness services for paints, coatings, chemicals, accidents, adhesives, EPA, failure analysis, hazardous materials, laboratory testing, MSDS, OSHA, patents, polymers, plastics, product...
Location: West Virginia
Areas of Expertise: Peter Howell, PE, CSP, CFEI is a chemical engineer with over 40 years of experience in the chemical industry and accident investigation. He knows the OSHA and EPA regulations and engineering standards required to operate a chemical facility,...
Location: Virginia
Areas of Expertise: Dr Troast is independent consultant on the effects of exposure to metals such as lead and aresenic and asbestos to humans. He is an expert on the health effects of lead in the environment, especially to children using the Integrated Exposure Uptake...
Location: Texas
Areas of Expertise: Donald G. Montgomery of SCLS Consulting (Safety, Compliance and Litigation Support) has over 25 years of experience in Transportation and Workplace Safety. He has guided some of the largest US Carriers through successful DOT audits, litigation and...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: ForensisGroup, Inc. is a multi-disciplined expert resource group uniquely structured to provide you with high quality experts as expeditiously as possible. It is your ultimate source of experts since 1991! Thousands of our clients have gained the...
Location: Massachusetts
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Cohen is an Ph.D Chemist and Certified Industrial Hygienist, who consults and testifies regarding Chemistry, Adverse Chemical Effects, DWI, Liquor Liability, Dram Shop, Alcohol Toxicology and Effects, Hazardous Substances, Industrial Hygiene,...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: -Chemical analysis, chemical analysis problem solving, chemical analysis critique -Industrial chemistry and industrial chemical processes -Environmental Chemistry -Forensic Science; chemical burns and poisonings, contaminations and adulterations of...
Location: Michigan
Areas of Expertise: Miller Engineering provides design engineering, safety, consumer research, and expert forensic and subrogation services in the following areas: Mechanical Engineering: Power Tools and Machine Guarding; Guarding and Entanglement Accidents; Compliance...
Location: Maine
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Richard Parent is board certified and has been providing litigation support to both plaintiff and defense since 1984. Current projects include PCBs, Dioxins, Vinyl Chloride, Benzene, Toy Safety, REACH, Creosote, Manganese, Vioxx, Chromium,...
Location: Pennsylvania
Areas of Expertise: Mr. West is a Certified Hazardous Materials Manager, a Registered Environmental Manager, and a Certified Mold Investigator with over twenty-five years of environmental engineering experience performing site assessments, remedial investigations,...
Location: New York
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Abraham has over forty years of international experience consulting to insurance companies, municipalities, government agencies, and the legal profession. He has consulted in more than 3,500 matters involving human factors, safety, personal...
Location: Virginia
Areas of Expertise: Mr. Temple is a Registered Professional Engineer in Safety (P.E.) and a Board Certified Safety Professional (C.S.P.) in Comprehensive Practice. He has over 32 years of diverse safety engineering, human factors and environmental management experience...
Location: Texas
Areas of Expertise: MET Associates provides litigation support services and expert witness testimony for civil and criminal investigations and insurance industry cases (both plaintiff and defendant) that involve Air Quality Modeling, Forensic Meteorology and Weather...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: Daryl L. Ebersole, PE, is a licensed Professional Engineer who worked as a Journeyman Electrician in the trade for eight years prior to becoming an engineer. He is a proven investigator of electrical causes of fires and expert witness in electrical...
Location: Montana
Areas of Expertise: The Principal is a 20 year Industrial Hygienist, Certified by the American Indoor Quality Council as a Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant(CIEC), Institute of Inspection Cleaning and Restoration Certification (IICRC)-Applied Microbial...
Location: Florida
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Joseph Guth has in-depth expertise in many fields of toxic and hazard assessment, as well as a very broad background in both academia and industry. A chemist and biochemist, he has conducted medical and industrial hygiene laboratory and field...
Location: Arizona
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Bakken is a specialist in human factors/ergonomics and safety. For more than 30 years he has been learning about, applying and communicating to others the traditional human factors/ergonomics characteristics and safety issues associated with...
Location: Maryland
Areas of Expertise: Hung K. Cheung, MD, MPH, FACOEM, formerly with Building Health Sciences & ICTM, is the President of Dr. Cheung/ OEM Advisor, LLC. in Baltimore, Maryland. Dr. Cheung is a graduate of Loyola College in Baltimore and received his Medical degree from...
Location: Washington
Areas of Expertise: Michelle A. Copeland, President of Occupational Safety Resource Inc., is a practicing Certified Industrial Hygienist (CIH) with 30 years of experience in occupational safety and health. Ms. Copeland and her associates perform a variety of safety and...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: Robert Rowe has served in the California fire service for some 26 years, where he attained the rank of Deputy Fire Marshal. As Deputy Fire Marshal, Robert managed an organized municipal Fire Prevention/Investigation Division within the Greater Los...
Location: Colorado
Areas of Expertise: For thirty years Peter C. Meer - owner and president of Meer & Company, Inc., has been involved in residential property management of single family homes, duplexes, condominiums, townhomes and other types of residential property housing. Through...
Location: Illinois
Areas of Expertise: Mr. David Jacobson has over 35 years experience in all facets of Structural, Civil, & Forensic Engineering, and, in addition to providing design and consultation services, has been providing expert services as an opinion witness to attorneys and...
Location: Florida
Areas of Expertise: Meckler Forensic Group, St. Petersburg, Florida professionals headed by Principal Milton Meckler, P.E., CPC, CES, have 20 plus years experience in several specialty areas involving general building, engineered construction and construction...
Location: Pennsylvania
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Joseph D. Jolson has a Ph.D. in analytical chemistry and over 30 years of experience including the development, testing, and use of a wide variety of batteries, gas detectors, and respirators. Through his company, he provides product development,...
Bo Mitchell,CEM, CPP, CBCP, CHCM, CHSP, CHS-V, CSSM, CSHM, CFC, CIPS, CSC, CAS, TFCT3, CHEP, CERT, CMC (911 Consulting) Location: Connecticut
Areas of Expertise: 911 Consulting is led by its founder and president, Bo Mitchell. Bo was Police Commissioner of Wilton, CT for 16 years. He retired in February 2001 to found 911 Consulting which creates emergency plans, training and exercises for organizations like...
Location: New York
Areas of Expertise: Personal injury analyst. BA, MS, SM, PhD in physics & psychology (including MIT); 40 yrs R&D, teaching, trial testimony, industrial training, 'in the trenches'. Perception, vision, warnings, equipment/product design, vehicle/industrial...
Location: Pennsylvania
Areas of Expertise: Lapina & Associates, LLC is a forensic engineering and sciences consulting firm providing litigation support regarding losses encountered by individuals and companies. We consult in many technical areas. Our technical staff consists of...
Location: Illinois
Areas of Expertise: Mort Westman is a cosmetic chemist with more than 35 years experience in the design, formulation, testing, labeling and government regulation of cosmetic products for both the retail and professional/salon markets. In addition to the more common skin...
Location: Illinois
Areas of Expertise: Dr. Johnson is a chemist with over 35 years of experience in the areas of thermosetting resins and plastics, coatings, foundry materials, oil field proppants, adhesives, urethanes, phenolics and orthopedic bandages. Dr. Johnson established C. Johnson...
Location: Pennsylvania
Areas of Expertise: Vincent Richardson is an experienced expert witness with over 25 years in the coal industry and 14 years as an underground mine manager. His expertise includes operational and engineering challenges of the mining industry. Vince is well educated with...
Location: Michigan
Areas of Expertise: Bruce Main, P.E., CSP, is president of Design Safety Engineering, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI. He holds mechanical engineering degrees from MIT and the University of Michigan. Mr. Main specializes in the risk assessment process and companies and attorneys to...
Location: Arizona
Areas of Expertise: Specializing in complex industrial chemical accidents, fires and explosions and chemical-related consumer product injuries, fires and explosions. Experienced in multiple areas including, but not limited to: propane, butane, natural gas, flammable...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: Marjorie A. Drucker, President of Drucker Health & Safety, received a Master of Science Degree from Harvard University in Environmental Health Sciences and a Bachelor of Science Degree in Biological Sciences from Pennsylvania State University. She is...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: ($160ph review NY, NJ, MD, PA, DE, VA, DC) • Accident Reconstruction: Car, Bus, Truck, Pedestrian, Bicycle, Motorcycle, Rollovers • Biomechanics,Occupant Injury • Safety Standards, Falls • Building Codes, Regulations, Standards &...
Location: Maryland
Areas of Expertise: Harry A. Milman, Ph.D. is an international authority in Toxicology, Carcinogenesis, Pharmacology, and Pharmacy Standards of Care with over 40 years of experience at the US National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health, the US...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: Fire expert James F. McMullen is the retired Chief California State Fire Marshal. He has testified over 100 times in court or deposition, with 40 years of experience in fire department operations, fire and building code administration and fire...
Location: Nevada
Areas of Expertise: Mr. Foster is a retired California Deputy State Fire Marshal with extensive experience in building and fire codes, NFPA Codes and Standards, hazardous materials management, pipeline safety, fire extinguishers, smoke control systems, fire loss...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: Meckler Forensic Group, Los Angeles, California professionals headed by Principal Milton Meckler, P.E., CPC, CES, have 20 plus years experience in several specialty areas involving general building , engineered construction and construction...
Location: Pennsylvania
Areas of Expertise: Mr. Oransky's areas of expertise include Chemical Process Development and Design, Environmental and Project Engineering, Health, Safety and Industrial Hygiene, Process Optimization and Waste Minimization, Technical Training, Hazardous Waste...
Location: Texas
Areas of Expertise: I am a biochemist turned toxicologist. My specialties include inhalation toxicology, general toxicology, worker and environmental exposure assessment, risk assessment, information specialist, metabolism, animal bioassays, reproductive and...
Location: Missouri
Areas of Expertise: Introduction: Conatech Consulting group, Inc. is a Consulting Engineering Firm with over 35 years of industrial and expert witness experience and expertise in Product/Package Development, Manufacturing, Packaging, Warehousing and Distribution of Food...
Location: Pennsylvania
Areas of Expertise: For 33 years Chuck Dutill, P.E. has been performing environmental, hydrology, stormwater, and flooding consulting and litigation support nationwide. He has been heavily involved with wastewater, hazardous waste, drainage, runoff, and hydraulics...
Location: New York
Areas of Expertise: Yarmus Engineering, P.C. has been providing Engineering services throughout the tri-state area since 1974. Andrew R. Yarmus, P.E., President of the firm, has worked in various engineering and construction capacities with the firm since 1987,...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: Gary E. Kilpatrick and Associates P.A. is a forensic engineering firm dedicated to the application of the art, science and methodology of engineering and the scientific method to answer questions of fact in the jurisprudence system pertaining to...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: Peter Petrovsky, PE, and CSLB Industry Expert, has provided services as a consultant and an expert witness in applied civil and mechanical engineering science, building, infrastructure, and earthwork contracting. His strength and experience is to...
Location: Texas
Areas of Expertise: Mr. Horsak is a scientist and registered Professional Engineer with more than 38 years of experience in all phases of environmental science and engineering: consulting, engineering, construction, operations management, office supervision, strategic...
Location: Pennsylvania
Areas of Expertise: Mr. Pina has thirty plus years experience in safety, health, and environmental management/loss prevention for construction, demolition, coal, chemical, steel, environmental remediation,and hazardous waste. Indiana University of PA Safety Science...
Location: Illinois
Areas of Expertise: Professor Emeritus of Chemical Engineering at the University of Illinois, Chicago, Dr. Funk provides technical consulting regarding chemical engineering, chemical products, polymers, patent infringement, hazardous materials, chemical handling,...
Location: New Hampshire
Areas of Expertise: Captain O’Halloran has sailed on all classes of merchant vessels for 32 years and as Master for 18 years on container ships. He has investigated dozens accidents and incidents on vessels. He also conducts conditional vettings, shipboard security...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: Lance Watt Bus and Truck Expert Lance’s 45 years of transportation experience involves everything from aircraft to “stock cars” to triple tractor trailer combinations. His expertise includes vehicle and vehicle component testing and evaluation,...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: MOLD, TERMITE, FUNGUS & DRY ROT EXPERT; • Mold Testing, Causation & Remediation Costs • Licensed Structural Pest Control Inspector • Termites, Ants, Rats, Rodents, Cockroaches • Structural damage from termites & water...
Location: California
Areas of Expertise: Bill Gale, with more than thirty years of industrial loss prevention and fire protection engineering experience, has been offering international litigation support services since 1991. His areas of expertise include fires, explosions, and loss of...
Location: New Jersey
Areas of Expertise: Robert Malanga, P.E., President and CEO, holds degrees in Fire Protection Engineering, Technology Management and in electrical/electronics engineering. For over 28 years, Mr. Malanga has dedicated his career to fire protection, life safety and risk...
Locations: Multiple Locations Areas of Expertise: MICHAEL D. KLEIN, PE, CHMM Certified Hazardous Materials Expert - Manufacturing Processes & Procedures - Environmental Management Systems Michael is a Civil Engineer (MSCE) with over 25 years of experience in the design, planning, and delivery of...
Hazardous Materials Expert Witnesses by State
- Alabama,
- Alaska,
- Arizona,
- Arkansas,
- California,
- Colorado,
- Connecticut,
- Delaware,
- District of Columbia,
- Florida,
- Georgia,
- Hawaii,
- Idaho,
- Illinois,
- Indiana,
- Iowa,
- Kansas,
- Kentucky,
- Louisiana,
- Maine,
- Maryland,
- Massachusetts,
- Michigan,
- Minnesota,
- Mississippi,
- Missouri,
- Montana,
- Nebraska,
- Nevada,
- New Hampshire,
- New Jersey,
- New Mexico,
- New York,
- North Carolina,
- North Dakota,
- Ohio,
- Oklahoma,
- Oregon,
- Pennsylvania,
- Rhode Island,
- South Carolina,
- South Dakota,
- Tennessee,
- Texas,
- Utah,
- Vermont,
- Virginia,
- Washington,
- West Virginia,
- Wisconsin,
- Wyoming